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Emerging advances of nanomedicine in cancer therapy.

Orkideh Martias

Cancer has become a major cause for deaths around the world, affecting over 10 million new patients every year. At present various treatment methods for cancer includes surgical resection, radiation, and chemotherapy. Although more than 90 chemotherapeutic drugs have been approved by the FDA for therapeutic use, their safety and efficacy has been severely reduced by dose-limiting toxicity and patient morbidity. The common materials used as nanocarriers in nanomedicines for cancer therapy includes polymers, biological nanomaterials, inorganic nanomaterials, liposomes, hydrogels, hybrid nanomaterials and micelles. Compared to conventional therapy, nanotherapeutic drug delivery systems have several potential advantages for cancer therapy, including higher payload capacity, prolonged blood circulation times, reduced toxicity to healthy tissues, and improved anti-tumor efficacy.