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2-Methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine polymer can facilitate the reduction in bacterial quantity while maintaining bacterial homeostasis in denture plaque

Akihiro Tsukahara, Kenji Ikeya, Hirobumi Morisaki, Fuminori Iwasa, Yuuki Inoue, Miya Fukunishi, Nana Takahashi, Hirotaka Kuwata, Kazuhiko Ishihara, Kazuyoshi Baba

The infections caused by denture plaque are regarded as a source of serious dental and medical complications in the elderly population. It is important for the treatment of patients with edentulism to understand the pathogens in denture plaque. However, current data are limited and inconclusive. The purpose of this clinical study was to analyse the bacterial composition of the denture plaque and to evaluate the changes in bacterial composition of the denture plaque before and after 2- methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC) polymer coating. Ten individuals with maxillary complete dentures participated in this study. Their dentures were treated with poly (MPC-co-Butyl Methacrylate (BMA) -co- 2-methacryloyloxyethyl-4-azidobenzoate (MPAz)) (PMBPAz), and the composition of denture plaque was evaluated by using next-generation sequencing (NGS) after 1 weeks of denture usage. The same procedures were repeated to evaluate the original denture surfaces as a control. We calculated Shannon index (H) and Bray–Curtis index (δAB) with the result of bacterial composition. Students paired t-test was performed to test the effect of the treatment with PMBPAz on the amount of eubacteria and difference in the (H) and (BC) index before and after coating. A total of 25 different genera representing 136 different species/phylotypes were present in at least two subjects at a relative abundance of>0.1%. The (H') index accounted for various values for each patient, and the bacterial constitution had specificity for each patient. On the other hand, the change in the index before and after MPC coating in the same patient did not show any significant difference (UMIN000035554).