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Relationship of metformin with the risk of pancreatic cancer in patients with type 2 diabetes: a meta-analysis

Hong Hu, Yong Fang, Xiaoyun Zhou, Liu Gong, Lili Liu, Wei Wang, Jiping Sun, Chongya Zhai, Hong Pan, Yong Dong, Hongming Pan

Aims: This study is to systematically investigate the relationship between metformin and risk of pancreatic cancer in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Methods: A systematic literature search was performed on PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Highwire, CBM, CNKI, Wanfang, VIP databases. Cohort or case control studies of metformin and risk of pancreatic cancer in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were included. The Newcastle-Ottaua Scale score was used for quality evaluation and meta-analysis was performed using RevMan5.2 Meta-analysis software.

Results: Nine studies were included in this study. The results showed that the risk of pancreatic cancer was significantly reduced in metformin treatment group (RR=0.61, 95% CI (0.55, 0.67), P<0.001). Subgroup analysis showed that patients with type 2 diabetes in treatment with metformin and sulfonylurea (RR=0.57, 95% CI (0.51, 0.64),P<0.001) or insulin (RR=0.61, 95% CI (0.53, 0.70), P<0.001) could reduce the risk of pancreatic cancer.

Conclusions: Metformin treatment reduces the risk of pancreatic cancer in patients with type 2 diabetes.