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Underweight is associated with periodontitis among Korean female adults

Kyungdo Han, Jun-Beom Park

The relationship between underweight and periodontitis has not been well revealed. This study was performed to assess the relationship between underweight, defined by body mass index, and periodontitis, using nationally representative data. The final number of participants in this study was 3,285, and they were surveyed using the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. An association between periodontitis and body mass index was obtained using multivariate logistic regression models after adjustment for age, frequency of tooth brushing per day, self-reported oral status, waist circumference, white blood cell count, smoking, drinking, and walking. Adjusted odds ratios and their 95% confidence intervals for periodontitis in men was 0.614 (0.126-2.987), 1 (reference), 1.103 (0.668-1.821), and 1.300 (0.726-2.328), for a body mass index of <18.5, 18.5 ≤ x<23, 23 ≤ x<25, and ≥ 25 kg/m², respectively, after adjustment. Adjusted odds ratios and their 95% confidence intervals for periodontitis in women was 2.400 (1.028-5.605), 1 (reference), 1.152 (0.594-2.235), and 0.971(0.416-2.268), for a body mass index of <18.5, 18.5 ≤ x<23, 23 ≤ x<25, and ≥ 25 kg/m², respectively, after adjustment. Conclusively, the association between underweight, defined by body mass index, and periodontitis was proven among Korean female adults by multiple logistic regression analyses after adjusting for confounding factors.